商學院畢業生炮轟MBA學位不值錢

????問起是否覺得自己對學位的看法同樣適用于哈佛、斯坦福（Stanford）和其他頂級商學院的MBA，薩內蒂回答說，毫無疑問是一樣的。她堅稱：“哈佛或者其他任何一家學院，因為哈佛的學費比一般的還高三倍。得到這座學府的光環需要付出的代價大得多。假如你和一些沒有學位的人競爭，學位會成為你打破僵局的決定性籌碼。可要是有些人雖然沒有MBA學位，卻具備雇主需要的某些稀缺技能，他們就會戰勝你，贏得工作機會。”

????薩內蒂透露自己以前就對MBA學位懷有這些猜疑和擔憂。從商學院畢業后，她有一年時間失業賦閑，那期間她的疑慮更重了。可她把基本上都這類心思都深埋于心，直到離開商界一年出頭之后才吐露了心聲。“我一直希望經營自己的事業，拿起教鞭，”薩內蒂接著透露。“我以前并沒打算寫這本書。”

????后來，她用法語發表了一篇文章，表達自己對MBA的看法。這篇評論文章似乎得到了很多人的共鳴，所以薩內蒂后來又寫了“MBA泡沫”這本書。本周，這部作品的英文版已經問世，法語版將在明年出版。她建了一個網站為這本書做宣傳，但并沒有公開披露自己獲得企業學院MBA學位的教育背景。“我讀的學校不是秘密。”薩內蒂對此解釋，她已經在個人LinkedIn簡歷頁面列出了自己的學歷證書。

????薩內蒂主要有哪些反對MBA學位的看法？她認為，在一些圓滑的營銷活動推助下，商學院過分自賣自夸。大多數人修習MBA時并沒有真正認識到這種學位的局限性：教育成本太高，產生的價值又太少。這些得到MBA學位的畢業生常常因此負債累累，這類沉重的債務包袱又限制了他們追求心中真正理想的能力。到頭來，他們不得不為了償還學生貸款從事自己并不喜歡的工作。甚至一位MBA畢業生獲得學位后擁有的人脈網絡也摻了水分，夸大了價值。

????有數據顯示，得到MBA學位后平均收入會比得到學位以前增加46-120%。而且這是指所有商學院畢業生的平均薪資水平，并不是取樣于那些名牌學府的精英。面對這樣的數據，就算薩內蒂還沒有徹頭徹尾地懷疑，起碼也是無動于衷。而一些顯示畢業生普遍滿意MBA學位的調查確實引起薩內蒂懷疑。最近一項調查采訪了4135位MBA校友，其中2011年畢業的受訪者就有963人。調查結果發現，每四位已經找到工作的2011年畢業生之中就有三人表示，如果沒有接受這種管理學位的教育，就不可能找到工作。

????“大家依然如故，趨之若鶩，”薩內蒂感嘆。“他們想當然地覺得這就是項不錯的投資。商學院在玩數字游戲……在法國，一家商學院會聘請公司在互聯網論壇上發表正面評論。這些學院頂著自己所在大學的光環，談到人才市場的時候簡直好像自己是解決就業問題不可或缺的功臣，可事實并非如此。他們還在兜售那些一文不值的東西，因為那么做可以讓他們財源滾滾。”

????薩內蒂對自己在企業學院的求學經歷并不滿意。“商學院沒有把學生視為客戶，”她說。“申請入學的人不該忘記自己的身份就是客戶，學MBA就是在買東西。我們甚至還受到了侮辱。有一天，我們來到一間會議室，那里有位專職的職業規劃管理主管對大家說：‘滾出去，你們這幫渣滓。’他這席話可真夠逗的，我當即回敬他：‘干嘛開這種玩笑？你拿的薪水可是我給的。’”

????她說，企業學院的職業管理主管還告訴學生，很難改變各行各業對MBA學位的看法的。“可他們用這作為一種營銷宣傳，”薩內蒂指出。“其實根本不是這樣。你確實不得不為了轉變業內看法而奮斗，我也改變了業內的成見，不過是利用同樣的工作職能做到的。”

????薩內蒂估計，自己那一年商學院學習MBA期間掌握的知識最多只用上了20-30%。至于人際關系網，薩內蒂聳聳肩不置可否：“你花時間和一些精英打交道，可你在很多地方都能花時間結交一些了不起的人。這沒什么特別的。有時間還讀MBA的貸款，還不如用來打造自己的品牌呢，而且需要花的時間更少。”（財富中文網）

????譯者：若離

????Asked if she thinks her opinion would apply to MBAs from Harvard, Stanford and other elite business schools, Zanetti says she has no doubt. "The same would apply to Harvard or whatever school because Harvard is three times more expensive," she insists. "The benefits would have cost much more. It breaks a tie if you're competing with someone who doesn't have the degree, but people who have scarce skills an employer needs will get the job over you."

????Zanetti says she harbored these doubts and concerns about the degree, especially after being unemployed for a year after graduation. But she largely kept them to herself until leaving the corporate world a little more than a year ago. "I always wanted to have my own business and to teach," she adds. "I didn't intend to write this book."

????Then, she published an article in France about her ideas. The opinion piece seemed to resonate with a lot of people, so she wrote The MBA Bubble, which will be published in France next year and was self-published in English this week. She has built a website to promote the book, but she does not openly identify herself as an IE MBA. "My school is not a secret," says Zanetti, who lists her diploma on her LinkedIn profile.

????Her primary arguments against the degree? It is oversold by business schools with slick marketing campaigns. Most people enter MBA programs without really understanding the limits of the degree. The education costs too much and delivers too little value. And graduates are often saddled with so much debt that it limits their ability to follow their true passions. They take jobs they don't want simply to pay off their student loans. Even the value of the network a graduate acquires with the degree is exaggerated.

????She's unimpressed, if downright skeptical, of data that shows MBAs get average increases ovetheir pre-MBA base salaries of between 120% to 46%. And those averages are for all business schools, not just the prestige brand-name places. Zanetti is also skeptical of surveys that show widespread satisfaction with the degree. One recent survey, based on the opinions of 4,135 MBA alumni, including 963 members of the class of 2011, found that three out of four alumni of the class of 2011 with jobs reported that they could not have obtained their job without their graduate management education.

????"Everybody is doing it and everybody still goes," Zanetti sighs. "They take for granted that it is a good investment. Business schools manipulate the statistics.... In France, one school hired a company to make fake [positive] comments in Internet forums. These schools have this university halo around them and talk about the labor market as if they are impartial, but they are not. They continue selling things that do not have value because it has profit."

????Zanetti says her experience at IE was not satisfying. "Business schools don't treat you as a customer," she says. "Applicants should not forget that they are customers and are buying something. We were even insulted. One day we were in a meeting room and the professional career director said to us, 'Get out of here you scum.' It was funny to him. I told him, 'What's so funny? I am paying your salary.'"

????She says that IE's director of career management also told students it was really hard to change industries with an MBA. "Yet they use it as a marketing claim," she points out. But it is really not true. You really have to fight to change industries. I did change industry but in the same job function."

????Zanetti estimates that she uses no more than 20% to 30% of what she learned in her one-year MBA program. As for networking, she shrugs. "You spend time with great people, but you can spend time with great people in many places. It is not unique. You can build your own brand in less time than it would take to pay back your loans."