六月美國(guó)汽車(chē)銷(xiāo)量猛增勢(shì)

????作為消費(fèi)者信心的關(guān)鍵衡量指標(biāo)，美國(guó)汽車(chē)銷(xiāo)量6月份增長(zhǎng)了22%——豐田汽車(chē)公司（Toyota Motor）業(yè)績(jī)強(qiáng)勁反彈，領(lǐng)跑群雄。與去年6月相比，豐田利潤(rùn)增長(zhǎng)了60%。而當(dāng)時(shí)，豐田正經(jīng)歷震后災(zāi)情，又因海嘯而遷址，境況頗為糟糕。

????汽車(chē)行業(yè)6月份的這張銷(xiāo)售成績(jī)單比分析人士先前預(yù)期的要好。而僅僅兩周前，這些分析師還預(yù)測(cè)，汽車(chē)銷(xiāo)量將連續(xù)第二個(gè)月表現(xiàn)不佳。截至今年4月，鑒于銷(xiāo)售步伐明顯放緩，一些華爾街分析師調(diào)低了對(duì)2012年的銷(xiāo)量預(yù)測(cè)。而汽車(chē)網(wǎng)站TrueCar.com的市場(chǎng)情報(bào)副總裁杰西?托普拉克則表示：“盡管過(guò)去兩個(gè)月來(lái)銷(xiāo)量相對(duì)放緩，但是，憑借與去年同期相比更強(qiáng)勁的銷(xiāo)量、處于歷史高位的成交價(jià)格和精準(zhǔn)的消費(fèi)刺激投放，汽車(chē)業(yè)的盈利狀況將會(huì)繼續(xù)改善。”

????據(jù)汽車(chē)網(wǎng)站Edmunds.com的分析師杰西卡?考德威爾推測(cè)，由于汽車(chē)廠商紛紛在6月底加大促銷(xiāo)力度，每銷(xiāo)售季調(diào)整一次的全年汽車(chē)銷(xiāo)量預(yù)測(cè)被上調(diào)到略高于1,400萬(wàn)輛。她還說(shuō)，當(dāng)5月份發(fā)布的全年預(yù)計(jì)銷(xiāo)量不足1,400萬(wàn)輛時(shí)，廠商都使出渾身解數(shù)，希望保住銷(xiāo)售增長(zhǎng)的勢(shì)頭——尤其是因?yàn)?月底也標(biāo)志著第二財(cái)季收尾。而一年以前，6月份發(fā)布的2011年預(yù)計(jì)銷(xiāo)量是1,180萬(wàn)輛。

????據(jù)TrueCar網(wǎng)站稱(chēng)，通過(guò)比較新車(chē)的成交價(jià)可以看出，與去年相比，今年購(gòu)車(chē)者要為每輛車(chē)多花約900美元。6月的平均成交價(jià)是30,508美元，高于一年前的29,659美元。其中大眾公司（Volkswagen）新車(chē)的平均成交價(jià)最高，達(dá)到33,368美元，起亞/現(xiàn)代（Kia/Hyundai）最低，為22,121美元。

????豐田公司有兩款車(chē)最為暢銷(xiāo)，分別是中級(jí)車(chē)凱美瑞（Camry）和緊湊車(chē)卡羅拉（Corolla）。在豐田大為改觀的成績(jī)單上，它們占據(jù)了極大的份額。凱美瑞的銷(xiāo)量增長(zhǎng)超過(guò)了50%，而卡羅拉則超過(guò)了40%。

????無(wú)獨(dú)有偶，本田公司（Honda）的銷(xiāo)量也增長(zhǎng)了近50%，這表明兩大日本汽車(chē)巨頭正重回正軌，奪回失去的美國(guó)汽車(chē)市場(chǎng)份額。而通用汽車(chē)（General Motors）和福特公司（Ford Motor）卻要奮力保住既有的份額。今年通用的市場(chǎng)份額是18.1%，而去年中旬是19.9%；福特今年的市場(chǎng)份額是15.7%，與去年的15.9%相比略有下滑。

????位于密歇根州奧本山（Auburn Hills）的克萊斯勒公司（Chrysler）62%的股份為意大利汽車(chē)廠商菲亞特（Fiat）持有。一年前，它在美國(guó)市場(chǎng)的份額是10%，今年則升至11.2%。總體來(lái)看，乘用車(chē)的銷(xiāo)售增長(zhǎng)要高于皮卡、運(yùn)動(dòng)型汽車(chē)和小型貨車(chē)的銷(xiāo)售增長(zhǎng)。這是因?yàn)椋隆⒏∫哺p的車(chē)型，如雪佛蘭科魯茲（Chevrolet Cruze）、福特福克斯（Ford Focus）、現(xiàn)代伊蘭特（Hyundai Elantra）和道奇達(dá)特（Dodge Dart）等，油耗更低、里程數(shù)更長(zhǎng)，因此它們?cè)诮?jīng)銷(xiāo)商處亮相的第一個(gè)月，消費(fèi)者就紛紛下單購(gòu)買(mǎi)。

????美國(guó)汽車(chē)銷(xiāo)售的持續(xù)穩(wěn)步增長(zhǎng)與其他關(guān)鍵指標(biāo)產(chǎn)生了矛盾，比如由美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)咨商會(huì)（Conference Board）發(fā)布的消費(fèi)者信心指數(shù)（Consumer Confidence Index）。6月份這一指數(shù)已經(jīng)連續(xù)4個(gè)月下滑。汽車(chē)?yán)匣瘯r(shí)，消費(fèi)者往往只能推遲購(gòu)買(mǎi)新車(chē)，直到維持舊車(chē)正常運(yùn)行的費(fèi)用超過(guò)了購(gòu)置新車(chē)的費(fèi)用時(shí)，才會(huì)購(gòu)置新車(chē)。

????U.S. auto sales, a fundamental measure of consumer confidence, rose 22% in June -- led by a rebounding Toyota Motor Corp. Toyota posted a 60% gain over last June when it was beset with post-earthquake and tsunami dislocation.

????June results came in stronger than expected by analysts, who just two weeks ago were predicting a second straight month of less-than-stellar sales. Some Wall Street analysts cut back their 2012 forecasts based on the apparent slowdown from the year's pace through April. "Despite the relative slowdown in the last two months, the auto industry continues to experience improved profitability with strong year-over-year sales, historically high transaction prices and precise incentives spending," said Jesse Toprak, Vice President of Market Intelligence for TrueCar.com.

????Jessica Caldwell, an analyst for automotive website Edmunds.com, speculated that an end-of month sales push by manufacturers increased raised the seasonally adjust annual rate to just over 14 million units. After a sub 14-million rate in May, automakers were eager to maintain the industry's sales momentum -- especially because the end of June also marked the end of the second fiscal quarter, she said. A year ago June's sales rate was 11.8 million.

????A comparison of transaction prices for new vehicles shows that consumers are spending about $900 more per vehicle this year than they were a year ago, according to TrueCar. The average transaction price in June was $30,508, up from $29,659 a year earlier. Volkswagen had the highest average transaction price on new vehicles sold last month at $33,368 and Kia/Hyundai the lowest at $22,121.

????Toyota's (TM) two best-selling sedans, the midsize Camry and the compact Corolla, accounted for a disproportionate segment of the automaker's improvement. Camry sales were up more than 50% and Corolla more than 40%.

????Honda (HMC) sales rose nearly 50% as well signifying that two of the big Japanese makers are on track to regain lost market share in the U.S., while General Motors Co. (GM) and Ford Motor Co. (F) fight to hang on to share. GM's share this year is 18.1%, compared with 19.9% at the midpoint of last year; Ford's share is 15.7%, down from 15.9%.

????Chrysler, based in Auburn Hills, Michigan and 62% owned by Italian automaker Fiat SpA, raised its share of the U.S. market at mid year to 11.2% from 10% a year ago.

????The increase in passenger car sales outpaced the increased sales of pickup trucks, sport utilities and minivans, as consumers took advantage of better-mileage in newer, smaller, lighter models like the Chevrolet Cruze, Ford Focus, Hyundai Elantra and Dodge Dart, in its first month at dealerships.

????The steadily strengthening U.S. auto sales contradict other key indicators, such as the The Conference Board's Consumer Confidence Index, which declined in June for the fourth month in a row. As vehicles get older, consumers can only delay purchases for so long until the expense of keeping clunkers in running order outstrips the cost of replacement.