全球研發(fā)投資10強(qiáng)企業(yè)

????“創(chuàng)新”這個(gè)詞似乎已經(jīng)泛濫成災(zāi)，原因是營(yíng)銷人員滿世界地用它。那么，哪家公司在研發(fā)方面的實(shí)際投資最多呢？事實(shí)證明，企業(yè)研發(fā)支出額度已經(jīng)達(dá)到了前所未有的水平。咨詢公司思略特[Strategy&，前博斯公司（Booz & Co.）]的《全球創(chuàng)新1000強(qiáng)》報(bào)告（The Global Innovation 1000）為我們揭示了在創(chuàng)新方面投入最多的上市公司。該報(bào)告顯示，去年這1000家企業(yè)的創(chuàng)新投資達(dá)到了創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的6470億美元，較去年增長(zhǎng)約90億美元，而這一數(shù)字占全球創(chuàng)新總投資的五分之二。

????這些資金都用在了何處呢？在過去10年中，醫(yī)療保健和計(jì)算機(jī)這兩個(gè)行業(yè)占據(jù)了全球研發(fā)總支出的半壁江山。其他資源密集型行業(yè)還包括汽車和軟件。為了更好地了解大公司在研發(fā)預(yù)算方面的運(yùn)用之道，《財(cái)富》（Fortune）雜志對(duì)思略特報(bào)告中的前10名企業(yè)進(jìn)行了梳理，結(jié)果如下。

????“Innovative” has become, it seems, a trite descriptor, since marketing departments plaster the word everywhere. So who is actually investing the most in research and development? As it turns out, companies are spending more on R&D than ever before. The Global Innovation 1000, a list of public companies that spend the most on innovation, last year invested a record $647 billion, an increase of $9 billion over the previous year. That total represents two-fifths of all innovation spending by organizations worldwide, according to a report from Strategy&, the consultancy formerly known as Booz & Co.

????Where does all that money go? Over the past decade, two industries have accounted for half of all R&D spending: healthcare and computers. Other resource-intensive industries include healthcare, autos, and software. Fortune combed through the annual reports of Strategy&’s top 10 to learn more about how big companies spend their R&D budgets. Here’s what we found.

????1. 大眾汽車

????? 2013年研發(fā)支出：135億美元

????? 占收入的百分比：5.2%

????這家德國(guó)汽車廠商連續(xù)第三年在思略特研發(fā)開支榜單上獨(dú)占鰲頭。大眾汽車（Volkswagen）表示，它為研發(fā)投入資金的原因在于，作為“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力強(qiáng)，善于創(chuàng)新的汽車制造商，大眾必須全面滿足一系列環(huán)保和安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。”該公司將很大一部分資金用于研發(fā)混合動(dòng)力汽車和新技術(shù)，包括部分品牌（大眾共有12個(gè)品牌）的半自動(dòng)駕駛功能。該公司還打算全面降低所有車型的二氧化碳排放量，并通過多渠道投資讓汽車向電動(dòng)化邁進(jìn)。

????1. Volkswagen

????? R&D spending in 2013: $13.5 billion

????? As a percentage of revenue: 5.2%

????For the third year in a row, the German carmaker tops the Strategy& list of research and development spenders. Volkswagen says its spending results from being a “highly competitive and innovative car manufacturer which must fulfill a whole host of environmental and safety standards.” Much of that spending has gone into hybrid vehicles and adding new technology, including semi-autonomous features to some of its 12 brands. It also is looking to reduce CO2 emissions across its fleet and invest in ways to electrify vehicles.