職業社交媒體領英發布了最新的2018年美國新興就業報告，評選出全國增長最快的職業和技能。

領英最新報告展示，得益于經濟擴張，美國就業市場強勁，薪資水平大幅增長。領英預計，2019年用人單位將對高技能人才展開更加激烈的爭奪。

然而，人才市場火爆能持續多久尚且存疑。今年9月，美國失業率降至3.7%，創下近50年來新低。但在10月，《財富》雜志的高級編輯杰夫·科爾文指出，不管失業率何時能觸及60年來低點，美國經濟都將不可避免進入衰退，通脹也會回升。

今年11月，美聯儲主席杰羅姆·鮑威爾也警告稱，當前存在移民危機，美國又限制移民進入并就業，勞動力增長將受阻，從長遠來看也可能拖累美國經濟增速。

領英報告的數據來自其分析平臺“經濟圖表與人才洞察”，該報告主要追蹤企業急需的崗位、崗位所需技能，以及過去五年出現的新工作。以下數據是報告中的一些重大發現：

五大新興職業

1、 區塊鏈開發員（33倍增長）

2、 機器學習工程師（12倍增長）

3、 應用銷售主管（8倍增長）

4、 機器學習專家（6倍增長）

5、 專業醫療代表（6倍增長）

五大熱門技能（最大技能差距）

1、 語言交流

2、 人員管理

3、 社交媒體

4、 開發工具

5、 業務管理

新興職業專業人士主修的五大專業

1、 工商管理

2、 心理學

3、 通識教育

4、 財會

5、 市場營銷

五大需求增長最快的職位（根據招聘）

1、 軟件工程師：當前空缺職位：8萬以上

2、 客戶專員：當前空缺職位：1.6萬以上

3、 房地產經紀人：當前空缺職位：2000以上

4、 客戶經理：當前空缺職位：1.7萬以上

5、 招聘專員：當前空缺職位：8000以上

最近幾年人工智能的熱度節節上升，相關領域人才需求占絕對優勢可能不算意外，不過今年的形勢特別突出。領英的圖表顯示，15個新興職業中的六個都和人工智能有關。

盡管如此，行政助理之類的任何公司都需要的崗位增速仍然很快。與此同時，時間管理和語言交流等基本技能的需求還是很高。

隨著特朗普政府與中國的貿易戰持續，預測2019年美國企業的情況比較困難。雖然有90天時間暫緩加征關稅的喘息期，很多美國企業還在努力提醒投資者，2019年有可能增長乏力。（財富中文網）

譯者：Pessy

審校：夏林

LinkedIn just published its U.S. Emerging Jobs Report for 2018, measuring the fastest growing jobs and skills nationwide.

Banking off an economic boom, the takeaways from the professional social network’s latest report tout big numbers for wage growth matched by a strong job market. LinkedIn says the race to recruit highly-skilled talent is especially competitive going into 2019.

Yet, it’s debatable as to how long this run will last. Unemployment in the U.S. fell to 3.7% in September—the lowest point in almost 50 years. But as Fortune‘s Geoff Colvin pointed out the following month, whenever unemployment has dipped this low in the past 60 years, a recession inevitably follows and inflation surges.

Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell also warned in November that the current immigration crisis and reducing the number of immigrants allowed to enter the country and gain employment could slow the economy in the long run as it will prohibit growth in the U.S. labor force.

The report, based on data from LinkedIn’s Economic Graph and Talent Insights analytics platform, tracks roles that companies are rapidly hiring for, the skills associated with those jobs, and new roles that have emerged over the last five years. Here’s a rundown on the top findings from the report:

Top Five Emerging Jobs

1. Blockchain Developer (33x growth)

2. Machine Learning Engineer (12x growth)

3. Application Sales Executive (8x growth)

4. Machine Learning Specialist (6x growth)

5. Professional Medical Representative (6x growth)

Top Five In-Demand Skills (Biggest Skills Gap)

1. Oral Communications

2. People Management

3. Social Media

4. Development Tools

5. Business Management

Top Five Majors for Professionals in Emerging Jobs

1. Business Administration and Management

2. Psychology

3. General Studies

4. Accounting

5. Marketing

Top Five Fastest Growing Job Titles (by hire)

1. Software Engineer: Current Job Openings: 80,000+

2. Account Executive: Current Job Openings: 16,000+

3. Realtor: Current Job Openings: 2,000+

4. Account Manager: Current Job Openings: 17,000+

5. Recruiter: Current Job Openings: 8,000+

Maybe not a surprise given the buzz surrounding it the last few years but especially palpable in 2018, artificial intelligence dominated the LinkedIn charts with six out of 15 emerging jobs related to the field.

Nevertheless, openings for well-established and necessary roles in any office space, such as administrative assistants, are still growing at a rapid clip as basic skills such as time management and oral communication continue to be cited as some of the most in-demand skills.

Predicting what 2019 will look like for businesses has been difficult given the ongoing trade war between the Trump Administration and China. Even with a 90-day reprieve from increasing tariffs, many American companies are trying to prepare investors to brace themselves for a lackluster 2019.