隨著特斯拉(Tesla)和福特(Ford)等公司降低新電動汽車的售價,二手電動汽車變得越來越便宜。除此之外,新稅收減免政策使二手電動汽車的市場售價降低了多達4,000美元,一些車型的售價甚至跌破了10,000美元。
但二手車市場的表現卻不符合經濟理論——價格下降并沒有增加銷量。專家們認為,除非美國完善充電基礎設施,否則這種情況不會改變。
君迪(J.D. Power)數據與分析部門副總裁泰森·喬米尼對《財富》雜志表示:“眾所周知,美國的基礎設施不達標,這依舊是一項挑戰。基礎設施一直是美國電動汽車行業的薄弱環節。”
大多數新電動汽車的價格仍超過50,000美元,而且面向的是高端車主。但現在,隨著二手電動汽車市場的發展,低收入家庭終于可以開上廉價的二手電動汽車。但分析師認為,充電基礎設施不足阻礙了潛在購車人買車。
喬米尼說道:“電動汽車價格越低,購車人就越依賴基礎設施——購車人更有可能沒有配車庫的房子。雖然電動汽車價格下降,但我們沒有看到消費者出現汽油車降價時的相同反應。”
去年秋天,美國能源部估計,為了支持拜登政府計劃到2030年上路的電動汽車數量,美國的充電站需要在現有數量的基礎上增加約10倍。
能源部的報告寫道:“隨著電動汽車注冊量每個季度持續增長……需要大幅增加電動汽車供電設備的數量,以滿足需求。”
專家指出,公共充電基礎設施不足,對低收入潛在電動汽車購買者的影響尤其嚴重,他們更有可能居住在沒有非路邊停車位的公寓,而且依賴目前尚不存在的公共充電設施。麥肯錫(McKinsey)最近的一份報告發現,65%的電動汽車充電在車主家中完成,而在家中充電的前提是車主有車庫或車道。
汽車研究中心(Center for Automotive Research)高級研究副總裁文卡塔斯·普拉薩德對《財富》雜志稱:“所以當電動汽車進入低收入家庭時……你開始接觸到的[人們更有可能居住在]合租房和公寓內。即使在城市里,充電樁數量依舊不足。你希望每個充電樁對應四至五輛汽車,而不是[像現在一樣]對應八輛、九輛甚至十輛。”
美國目前約有8,000個電動汽車充電站,與加油站的比例為1比16,但新充電站的數量正在快速增長。目前約三分之一只能用于特斯拉汽車充電——但幾個月后,其他車型將可以通過適配器兼容特斯拉的超級充電站,這種情況將發生改變。這可能會刺激價格低廉的二手車行業的需求增長。
喬米尼表示,雖然目前二手車銷售停滯,但“隨著特斯拉充電網絡開放,這種情況即將結束”。(財富中文網)
翻譯:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
隨著特斯拉(Tesla)和福特(Ford)等公司降低新電動汽車的售價,二手電動汽車變得越來越便宜。除此之外,新稅收減免政策使二手電動汽車的市場售價降低了多達4,000美元,一些車型的售價甚至跌破了10,000美元。
但二手車市場的表現卻不符合經濟理論——價格下降并沒有增加銷量。專家們認為,除非美國完善充電基礎設施,否則這種情況不會改變。
君迪(J.D. Power)數據與分析部門副總裁泰森·喬米尼對《財富》雜志表示:“眾所周知,美國的基礎設施不達標,這依舊是一項挑戰。基礎設施一直是美國電動汽車行業的薄弱環節。”
大多數新電動汽車的價格仍超過50,000美元,而且面向的是高端車主。但現在,隨著二手電動汽車市場的發展,低收入家庭終于可以開上廉價的二手電動汽車。但分析師認為,充電基礎設施不足阻礙了潛在購車人買車。
喬米尼說道:“電動汽車價格越低,購車人就越依賴基礎設施——購車人更有可能沒有配車庫的房子。雖然電動汽車價格下降,但我們沒有看到消費者出現汽油車降價時的相同反應。”
去年秋天,美國能源部估計,為了支持拜登政府計劃到2030年上路的電動汽車數量,美國的充電站需要在現有數量的基礎上增加約10倍。
能源部的報告寫道:“隨著電動汽車注冊量每個季度持續增長……需要大幅增加電動汽車供電設備的數量,以滿足需求。”
專家指出,公共充電基礎設施不足,對低收入潛在電動汽車購買者的影響尤其嚴重,他們更有可能居住在沒有非路邊停車位的公寓,而且依賴目前尚不存在的公共充電設施。麥肯錫(McKinsey)最近的一份報告發現,65%的電動汽車充電在車主家中完成,而在家中充電的前提是車主有車庫或車道。
汽車研究中心(Center for Automotive Research)高級研究副總裁文卡塔斯·普拉薩德對《財富》雜志稱:“所以當電動汽車進入低收入家庭時……你開始接觸到的[人們更有可能居住在]合租房和公寓內。即使在城市里,充電樁數量依舊不足。你希望每個充電樁對應四至五輛汽車,而不是[像現在一樣]對應八輛、九輛甚至十輛。”
美國目前約有8,000個電動汽車充電站,與加油站的比例為1比16,但新充電站的數量正在快速增長。目前約三分之一只能用于特斯拉汽車充電——但幾個月后,其他車型將可以通過適配器兼容特斯拉的超級充電站,這種情況將發生改變。這可能會刺激價格低廉的二手車行業的需求增長。
喬米尼表示,雖然目前二手車銷售停滯,但“隨著特斯拉充電網絡開放,這種情況即將結束”。(財富中文網)
翻譯:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
Used EVs are getting cheaper, pushed down by price cuts from companies such as Tesla and Ford for their new electric models. On top of that, new tax credit policies are knocking as much as $4,000 off the sticker price of used EVs at the point of sale, bringing some models below the $10,000 mark.
But the used market is defying economic theory—lower prices aren’t increasing sales. And experts say that’s not likely to change until the U.S. improves its charging infrastructure.
“As we all know, the infrastructure is not up to par in the U.S. It remains a challenge,” Tyson Jominy, a vice president in the data and analytics division at J.D. Power, told Fortune. “That really has been the weak link for EVs in this country.”
Most new EVs still cost over $50,000, and they cater to higher-end buyers. But now, as the market for used EVs grows, lower-income households can finally access cheap used EVs. But analysts believe that sparse charging infrastructure is what’s holding these would-be buyers back.
“The lower the price point we go on EVs, the more that the buyer has to rely on the infrastructure—the more likely the buyer is not to own a house to have…a garage,” Jominy said. “EV prices have come down, but we aren’t seeing the same consumer response to the [falling] prices that we would see on the gasoline side.”
The Department of Energy estimated last fall that the country will need around 10 times more charging ports than are currently operational to support the number of EVs the Biden administration hopes to put on the road by 2030.
“As EV registrations continue to grow each quarter…public EVSE installations will need to ramp up significantly to keep up with demand,” read the Energy Department’s report.
Exports point out that a lack of public charging infrastructure disproportionately affects lower-income potential EV buyers, who are more likely to live in apartments without off-street parking and depend on public charging facilities that largely don’t exist yet. A recent McKinsey report found that 65% of all EV charging was done at owners’ residences, which is generally possible only if the owner has a garage or driveway.
“So when you get down to households with lower income…you start to get to [people who are more likely to live in] shared housing and apartments,” K. Venkatesh Prasad, senior vice president of research at the Center for Automotive Research, told Fortune. “Even if it’s urban, you don’t have…sufficient charging ports per EV. You want that to be four or five, not eight or nine or 10 cars per charging port [like we have now].”
There are currently about 8,000 EV charging ports across the country, or roughly one for every 16 gas stations, and new ports are being added at increasing rates. Currently, almost a third of them can only be used to charge Teslas—but that’s set to change in a few months, when other models will become compatible with Tesla’s Superchargers by using an adapter. That could give a demand boost to the bottom-dollar used-EV sector.
While sales may be stalled for now, “we probably are getting close to getting past [it] with the Tesla Supercharger network opening up,” Jominy said.