
當前勞動力市場表面看似強勁,實則暗藏重大問題。
根據(jù)美國勞工統(tǒng)計局(Bureau of Labor Statistics)最近的就業(yè)報告,失業(yè)率仍維持在4.2%的低位,工資增長穩(wěn)定,美國5月份新增了13.9萬個工作崗位,就業(yè)市場相對健康。但一份新報告顯示,越來越多的美國人正陷入“功能性失業(yè)”。
這一術語描述的是未被計入官方失業(yè)率數(shù)據(jù)、但在勞動力市場仍舉步維艱的人群。這包括失業(yè)但已停止找工作者,以及雖有工作但年收入低于2.5萬美元的人群。
專注于經(jīng)濟與政策研究的非營利組織“路德維希共享經(jīng)濟繁榮研究所”(The Ludwig Institute for Shared Economic Prosperity,LISEP)的一份報告顯示,目前約有24.3%的美國人屬于“功能性失業(yè)”人群,高于兩年前的約22.3%。
LISEP主席吉恩·路德維希在新聞稿中表示:“當前的就業(yè)市場中,近四分之一勞動者處于‘功能性失業(yè)’的狀態(tài),且當前這種趨勢幾乎沒有改善跡象。殘酷的現(xiàn)實是,仍有太多美國人在勉強度日,若沒有大量可靠的高薪工作崗位出現(xiàn),經(jīng)濟機會差距將會擴大。”
“功能性失業(yè)”等替代性指標或許能部分解釋為何當下如此多勞動者對經(jīng)濟感到悲觀。例如,就業(yè)平臺Glassdoor近期的一份報告發(fā)現(xiàn),初級員工的信心指數(shù)已跌至歷史最低點。傳統(tǒng)失業(yè)率雖仍較低,但勞動力市場較幾年前已經(jīng)降溫,員工們正警惕地關注著關稅和人工智能將如何影響他們未來的就業(yè)前景。
路德維希表示:“在已然充滿不確定性的經(jīng)濟前景下,功能性失業(yè)率的上升是一個令人擔憂的動向?!保ㄘ敻恢形木W(wǎng))
譯者:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
當前勞動力市場表面看似強勁,實則暗藏重大問題。
根據(jù)美國勞工統(tǒng)計局(Bureau of Labor Statistics)最近的就業(yè)報告,失業(yè)率仍維持在4.2%的低位,工資增長穩(wěn)定,美國5月份新增了13.9萬個工作崗位,就業(yè)市場相對健康。但一份新報告顯示,越來越多的美國人正陷入“功能性失業(yè)”。
這一術語描述的是未被計入官方失業(yè)率數(shù)據(jù)、但在勞動力市場仍舉步維艱的人群。這包括失業(yè)但已停止找工作者,以及雖有工作但年收入低于2.5萬美元的人群。
專注于經(jīng)濟與政策研究的非營利組織“路德維希共享經(jīng)濟繁榮研究所”(The Ludwig Institute for Shared Economic Prosperity,LISEP)的一份報告顯示,目前約有24.3%的美國人屬于“功能性失業(yè)”人群,高于兩年前的約22.3%。
LISEP主席吉恩·路德維希在新聞稿中表示:“當前的就業(yè)市場中,近四分之一勞動者處于‘功能性失業(yè)’的狀態(tài),且當前這種趨勢幾乎沒有改善跡象。殘酷的現(xiàn)實是,仍有太多美國人在勉強度日,若沒有大量可靠的高薪工作崗位出現(xiàn),經(jīng)濟機會差距將會擴大。”
“功能性失業(yè)”等替代性指標或許能部分解釋為何當下如此多勞動者對經(jīng)濟感到悲觀。例如,就業(yè)平臺Glassdoor近期的一份報告發(fā)現(xiàn),初級員工的信心指數(shù)已跌至歷史最低點。傳統(tǒng)失業(yè)率雖仍較低,但勞動力市場較幾年前已經(jīng)降溫,員工們正警惕地關注著關稅和人工智能將如何影響他們未來的就業(yè)前景。
路德維希表示:“在已然充滿不確定性的經(jīng)濟前景下,功能性失業(yè)率的上升是一個令人擔憂的動向?!保ㄘ敻恢形木W(wǎng))
譯者:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
The current labor market appears strong on the surface, but there are big problems lurking underneath.
Unemployment is still low at 4.2%, wage growth is steady, and the U.S. added a relatively healthy 139,000 roles in May according to the recent jobs report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. But a growing number of Americans are “functionally unemployed” according to a new report.
That’s a term that describes people who are not included in topline unemployment numbers, but are still struggling in the labor market. That includes people who are jobless but have stopped searching for work, as well as people who are employed but earning an annual salary of less than $25,000 a year.
Around 24.3% of Americans currently fall under that category, according to a report from The Ludwig Institute for Shared Economic Prosperity (LISEP), a nonprofit focused on economic and policy research. That’s up from around 22.3% two years ago.
“We are facing a job market where nearly one-in-four workers are functionally unemployed, and current trends show little sign of improvement,” said LISEP Chair Gene Ludwig in a press release. “The harsh reality is that far too many Americans are still struggling to make ends meet, and absent an influx of dependable, good-paying jobs, the economic opportunity gap will widen.”
Alternative metrics like “functional unemployment” might help partially explain why so many workers are feeling down about the economy right now. One recent report from employment platform Glassdoor, for example, found that employee confidence amongst entry-level workers has hit an all-time low. Traditional unemployment is still modest, but the labor market has cooled from where it was just a few years ago, and employees are looking warily at how tariffs and AI will affect their future job prospects.
“Amid an already uncertain economic outlook,” said Ludwig, “the rise in functional unemployment is a concerning development.”