
? Zoom首席執(zhí)行官袁征預(yù)測(cè),人工智能聊天機(jī)器人和智能代理將助力實(shí)現(xiàn)每周三至四天工作制,這一觀點(diǎn)與比爾·蓋茨(Bill Gates)、黃仁勛(Jensen Huang)及杰米·戴蒙(Jamie Dimon)等人的看法不謀而合。不過(guò),這位科技界領(lǐng)軍人物同時(shí)承認(rèn),在這一變革進(jìn)程中,部分崗位可能會(huì)消失,屆時(shí)有些人可能面臨整周無(wú)班可上的局面。
商界領(lǐng)袖對(duì)于人工智能將如何重塑人類工作模式的看法存在分歧。有些人,如Anthropic首席執(zhí)行官達(dá)里奧·阿莫迪(Dario Amodei),預(yù)言人工智能將引發(fā)“白領(lǐng)工作崗位末日”;而另一些人,如谷歌DeepMind負(fù)責(zé)人戴密斯·哈薩比斯(Demis Hassabis),則認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)技術(shù)將開啟物質(zhì)豐裕的“黃金時(shí)代”。
然而隨著越來(lái)越多聊天機(jī)器人和自動(dòng)化助手接手人類工作任務(wù),越來(lái)越多高管預(yù)見工作周將縮短——Zoom首席執(zhí)行官袁征甚至認(rèn)為員工每周僅需到崗工作數(shù)日。
“在我看來(lái),既然人工智能能讓我們的生活變得更美好,那為何還要每周工作五天呢?”袁征近期在接受《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》采訪時(shí)表示:“每家公司都將支持每周三天或四天工作制。我認(rèn)為這終將為每個(gè)人騰出更多時(shí)間?!?
對(duì)深陷企業(yè)搏命文化的美國(guó)人而言,這番話無(wú)疑是“悅耳佳音”——他們看著歐洲同行試行每周四天工作制,并取得顯著成效,艷羨不已。當(dāng)美國(guó)體能訓(xùn)練公司Exos嘗試將每周工作日減少一天,事實(shí)證明此舉對(duì)業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展助力頗大:?jiǎn)T工倦怠率大幅降低至原來(lái)的一半,工作效率則飆升24%。首席執(zhí)行官們一致認(rèn)為,自動(dòng)化帶來(lái)的工作周縮短對(duì)人類工作者而言是重大利好——即便這意味著整體就業(yè)崗位減少。
《財(cái)富》雜志已聯(lián)系Zoom尋求置評(píng)。
多位科技界領(lǐng)袖均預(yù)見未來(lái)工作周將縮短
人工智能工具為員工提供極大助力,從發(fā)送郵件這類枯燥乏味的任務(wù)到編程這類復(fù)雜繁瑣的任務(wù),皆可替代。科技領(lǐng)袖們正見證人工智能帶來(lái)的效益提升,并認(rèn)為“每周五天工作制”或?qū)⒊蔀闅v史。
微軟聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人蓋茨早在20世紀(jì)70至80年代就率先引領(lǐng)科技革新浪潮;如今,這位億萬(wàn)富翁預(yù)測(cè),按照人工智能當(dāng)前的創(chuàng)新速度,未來(lái)十年人類將不再需要從事“大多數(shù)工作”。當(dāng)不再需要人類完成工作時(shí),仍留在崗位的人也無(wú)需每日打卡上班。
“未來(lái)的工作究竟會(huì)呈現(xiàn)何種模樣?我們是否只需每周工作兩到三天?”蓋茨今年2月在《今夜秀》節(jié)目中對(duì)主持人吉米·法倫(Jimmy Fallon)表示,“把目光放長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)些,人生的意義不應(yīng)僅限于工作?!?/p>
英偉達(dá)(Nvidia)首席執(zhí)行官黃仁勛對(duì)縮短工作周的主張表示認(rèn)同,不過(guò)他提出了一個(gè)前提條件。這家市值達(dá)4萬(wàn)億美元的圖形處理器巨頭的掌舵人表示,我們正處于“人工智能革命的開端”,倘若各行業(yè)持續(xù)以當(dāng)前速度普及人工智能,“很可能”實(shí)現(xiàn)每周四天工作制。不過(guò)黃仁勛預(yù)測(cè),未來(lái)工作強(qiáng)度將“比現(xiàn)在更高”,這些工作可能被壓縮在更為緊湊的時(shí)間表中。
即便是以“員工每周工作80小時(shí)”著稱的金融業(yè),也能借助人工智能自動(dòng)化獲得喘息之機(jī)。摩根大通(JPMorgan Chase)首席執(zhí)行官戴蒙多年前就曾預(yù)言,人工智能技術(shù) “必然”會(huì)取代部分崗位,但也有望改善人們的工作與生活平衡。
“在科技的助力下,你們的孩子將能活到100歲,還將遠(yuǎn)離癌癥的侵?jǐn)_?!?023年,戴蒙在接受彭博電視臺(tái)采訪時(shí)表示,“毫不夸張地說(shuō),他們未來(lái)或許每周只需工作三天半?!?/p>
Zoom首席執(zhí)行官坦言部分崗位將被淘汰
盡管全球勞動(dòng)者終將迎來(lái)每周工作天數(shù)減少的機(jī)會(huì),但并非人人都能享受工作周縮短帶來(lái)的利好。企業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者普遍承認(rèn),就業(yè)市場(chǎng)將迎來(lái)巨大變革——在這一轉(zhuǎn)變過(guò)程中,部分崗位將不可避免地被自動(dòng)化所取代。Zoom首席執(zhí)行官直面現(xiàn)實(shí):部分人類員工將面臨裁員,但他認(rèn)為,這不過(guò)是又一次社會(huì)調(diào)整,如同工業(yè)革命和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)誕生時(shí)的情形。
“每次技術(shù)范式轉(zhuǎn)變都會(huì)導(dǎo)致部分崗位消失,但也會(huì)創(chuàng)造新機(jī)遇,”袁征在采訪中坦言,“對(duì)于初級(jí)工程師這類崗位而言,我們能夠借助人工智能來(lái)完成代碼編寫工作,但仍需要專業(yè)人員來(lái)管理這些代碼。此外,我們還會(huì)創(chuàng)建大量數(shù)字代理,而這些代理同樣需要專人管理?!?/p>
其他企業(yè)首席執(zhí)行官,如福特(Ford)首席執(zhí)行官吉姆·法利(Jim Farley)、Klarna首席執(zhí)行官塞巴斯蒂安·西米亞特科夫斯基(Sebastian Siemiatkowski),也認(rèn)同“變革將淘汰部分崗位”的觀點(diǎn)。不過(guò),也有部分領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者(如黃仁勛)認(rèn)為,人工智能實(shí)際上可能會(huì)促進(jìn)就業(yè)。這位芯片行業(yè)領(lǐng)軍人物表示,人類不會(huì)被人工智能取代,相反,那些能夠熟練運(yùn)用先進(jìn)技術(shù)的人將接管相關(guān)崗位。
“回溯過(guò)往300年、100年、60年,乃至計(jì)算機(jī)時(shí)代,生產(chǎn)效率得到提升,就業(yè)率也實(shí)現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)?!秉S仁勛今年接受美國(guó)有線電視新聞網(wǎng)(CNN)采訪時(shí)表示,“原因在于,如果我們擁有足夠多的創(chuàng)意,以及構(gòu)建更美好未來(lái)的具體路徑,那么當(dāng)生產(chǎn)效率提高時(shí),我們就能將這些美好愿景變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。”(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
? Zoom首席執(zhí)行官袁征預(yù)測(cè),人工智能聊天機(jī)器人和智能代理將助力實(shí)現(xiàn)每周三至四天工作制,這一觀點(diǎn)與比爾·蓋茨(Bill Gates)、黃仁勛(Jensen Huang)及杰米·戴蒙(Jamie Dimon)等人的看法不謀而合。不過(guò),這位科技界領(lǐng)軍人物同時(shí)承認(rèn),在這一變革進(jìn)程中,部分崗位可能會(huì)消失,屆時(shí)有些人可能面臨整周無(wú)班可上的局面。
商界領(lǐng)袖對(duì)于人工智能將如何重塑人類工作模式的看法存在分歧。有些人,如Anthropic首席執(zhí)行官達(dá)里奧·阿莫迪(Dario Amodei),預(yù)言人工智能將引發(fā)“白領(lǐng)工作崗位末日”;而另一些人,如谷歌DeepMind負(fù)責(zé)人戴密斯·哈薩比斯(Demis Hassabis),則認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)技術(shù)將開啟物質(zhì)豐裕的“黃金時(shí)代”。
然而隨著越來(lái)越多聊天機(jī)器人和自動(dòng)化助手接手人類工作任務(wù),越來(lái)越多高管預(yù)見工作周將縮短——Zoom首席執(zhí)行官袁征甚至認(rèn)為員工每周僅需到崗工作數(shù)日。
“在我看來(lái),既然人工智能能讓我們的生活變得更美好,那為何還要每周工作五天呢?”袁征近期在接受《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》采訪時(shí)表示:“每家公司都將支持每周三天或四天工作制。我認(rèn)為這終將為每個(gè)人騰出更多時(shí)間?!?
對(duì)深陷企業(yè)搏命文化的美國(guó)人而言,這番話無(wú)疑是“悅耳佳音”——他們看著歐洲同行試行每周四天工作制,并取得顯著成效,艷羨不已。當(dāng)美國(guó)體能訓(xùn)練公司Exos嘗試將每周工作日減少一天,事實(shí)證明此舉對(duì)業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展助力頗大:?jiǎn)T工倦怠率大幅降低至原來(lái)的一半,工作效率則飆升24%。首席執(zhí)行官們一致認(rèn)為,自動(dòng)化帶來(lái)的工作周縮短對(duì)人類工作者而言是重大利好——即便這意味著整體就業(yè)崗位減少。
《財(cái)富》雜志已聯(lián)系Zoom尋求置評(píng)。
多位科技界領(lǐng)袖均預(yù)見未來(lái)工作周將縮短
人工智能工具為員工提供極大助力,從發(fā)送郵件這類枯燥乏味的任務(wù)到編程這類復(fù)雜繁瑣的任務(wù),皆可替代。科技領(lǐng)袖們正見證人工智能帶來(lái)的效益提升,并認(rèn)為“每周五天工作制”或?qū)⒊蔀闅v史。
微軟聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人蓋茨早在20世紀(jì)70至80年代就率先引領(lǐng)科技革新浪潮;如今,這位億萬(wàn)富翁預(yù)測(cè),按照人工智能當(dāng)前的創(chuàng)新速度,未來(lái)十年人類將不再需要從事“大多數(shù)工作”。當(dāng)不再需要人類完成工作時(shí),仍留在崗位的人也無(wú)需每日打卡上班。
“未來(lái)的工作究竟會(huì)呈現(xiàn)何種模樣?我們是否只需每周工作兩到三天?”蓋茨今年2月在《今夜秀》節(jié)目中對(duì)主持人吉米·法倫(Jimmy Fallon)表示,“把目光放長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)些,人生的意義不應(yīng)僅限于工作?!?/p>
英偉達(dá)(Nvidia)首席執(zhí)行官黃仁勛對(duì)縮短工作周的主張表示認(rèn)同,不過(guò)他提出了一個(gè)前提條件。這家市值達(dá)4萬(wàn)億美元的圖形處理器巨頭的掌舵人表示,我們正處于“人工智能革命的開端”,倘若各行業(yè)持續(xù)以當(dāng)前速度普及人工智能,“很可能”實(shí)現(xiàn)每周四天工作制。不過(guò)黃仁勛預(yù)測(cè),未來(lái)工作強(qiáng)度將“比現(xiàn)在更高”,這些工作可能被壓縮在更為緊湊的時(shí)間表中。
即便是以“員工每周工作80小時(shí)”著稱的金融業(yè),也能借助人工智能自動(dòng)化獲得喘息之機(jī)。摩根大通(JPMorgan Chase)首席執(zhí)行官戴蒙多年前就曾預(yù)言,人工智能技術(shù) “必然”會(huì)取代部分崗位,但也有望改善人們的工作與生活平衡。
“在科技的助力下,你們的孩子將能活到100歲,還將遠(yuǎn)離癌癥的侵?jǐn)_?!?023年,戴蒙在接受彭博電視臺(tái)采訪時(shí)表示,“毫不夸張地說(shuō),他們未來(lái)或許每周只需工作三天半?!?/p>
Zoom首席執(zhí)行官坦言部分崗位將被淘汰
盡管全球勞動(dòng)者終將迎來(lái)每周工作天數(shù)減少的機(jī)會(huì),但并非人人都能享受工作周縮短帶來(lái)的利好。企業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者普遍承認(rèn),就業(yè)市場(chǎng)將迎來(lái)巨大變革——在這一轉(zhuǎn)變過(guò)程中,部分崗位將不可避免地被自動(dòng)化所取代。Zoom首席執(zhí)行官直面現(xiàn)實(shí):部分人類員工將面臨裁員,但他認(rèn)為,這不過(guò)是又一次社會(huì)調(diào)整,如同工業(yè)革命和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)誕生時(shí)的情形。
“每次技術(shù)范式轉(zhuǎn)變都會(huì)導(dǎo)致部分崗位消失,但也會(huì)創(chuàng)造新機(jī)遇,”袁征在采訪中坦言,“對(duì)于初級(jí)工程師這類崗位而言,我們能夠借助人工智能來(lái)完成代碼編寫工作,但仍需要專業(yè)人員來(lái)管理這些代碼。此外,我們還會(huì)創(chuàng)建大量數(shù)字代理,而這些代理同樣需要專人管理。”
其他企業(yè)首席執(zhí)行官,如福特(Ford)首席執(zhí)行官吉姆·法利(Jim Farley)、Klarna首席執(zhí)行官塞巴斯蒂安·西米亞特科夫斯基(Sebastian Siemiatkowski),也認(rèn)同“變革將淘汰部分崗位”的觀點(diǎn)。不過(guò),也有部分領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者(如黃仁勛)認(rèn)為,人工智能實(shí)際上可能會(huì)促進(jìn)就業(yè)。這位芯片行業(yè)領(lǐng)軍人物表示,人類不會(huì)被人工智能取代,相反,那些能夠熟練運(yùn)用先進(jìn)技術(shù)的人將接管相關(guān)崗位。
“回溯過(guò)往300年、100年、60年,乃至計(jì)算機(jī)時(shí)代,生產(chǎn)效率得到提升,就業(yè)率也實(shí)現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)?!秉S仁勛今年接受美國(guó)有線電視新聞網(wǎng)(CNN)采訪時(shí)表示,“原因在于,如果我們擁有足夠多的創(chuàng)意,以及構(gòu)建更美好未來(lái)的具體路徑,那么當(dāng)生產(chǎn)效率提高時(shí),我們就能將這些美好愿景變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
? Zoom CEO Eric Yuan predicted that AI chatbots and agents will bring about a three or four-day workweek, echoing the likes of Bill Gates, Jensen Huang, and Jamie Dimon. But some people may find themselves free all week, as the tech leader admitted that some jobs will be erased in the process.
Business leaders are split on how AI will transform the way people work. Some, like Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei, predict a white-collar jobs armageddon, while others like Google DeepMind leader Demis Hassabis believe the tech will usher in a “golden era” of abundance.
However, as more chatbots and automated assistants take over the duties of human roles, there’s a growing cohort of executives who see shorter workweeks on the horizon—and Zoom CEO Eric Yuan can even see staffers only clocking in a few days a week.
“I feel like if A.I. can make all of our lives better, why do we need to work for five days a week?” Yuan told The New York Times in a recent interview. “Every company will support three days, four days a week. I think this ultimately frees up everyone’s time.”
It’s music to the ears of Americans stuck in corporate hustle culture, enviously watching their European peers trial four-day workweeks with major success. And when U.S. performance coaching company Exos experimented with schedules one workday shorter, it proved to be good for business; employee burnout was cut in half, and productivity soared by 24%. And CEOs agree shorter workweeks born from these automation gains will be terrific for human workers—even if it means fewer of them have jobs in general.
Fortune reached out to Zoom for comment.
Other CEOs including Gates, Huang, and Dimon see a shorter workweek ahead
AI tools can be immensely useful for staffers, cutting out everything from menial tasks like emailing to more tedious jobs like coding. Tech leaders are seeing the gains from AI firsthand, and they’re promoting the possibility that employees will no longer have to clock in five days a week.
Microsoft cofounder Gates first pioneered technology back in the 1970s and 1980s; and now, the billionaire predicted that AI’s current pace of innovation will remove the need for humans for “most things” in the next 10 years. When people are no longer needed, those who are left on staff won’t have to swipe in daily.
“What will jobs be like? Should we just work like 2 or 3 days a week?” Gates told Jimmy Fallon on The Tonight Show in February. “If you zoom out, the purpose of life is not just to do jobs.”
Nvidia CEO Huang is also on board with the idea of fewer workdays—but has a catch. The leader of the $4 trillion GPU company said that we’re just “at the beginning of the AI revolution,” and if industries continue to adopt artificial intelligence at the current rapid rate, it could “probably” bring about a four-day workweek. However, that work may only be crammed into a condensed schedule, as Huang predicts that we’re going to be “busier in the future than now.”
Even the financial industry—known for putting its workers through 80-hour workweeks—may finally get some relief from AI automation. JPMorgan Chase CEO Dimon predicted years ago that the technology may bring about better work-life balance, although it would “of course” replace some jobs.
“Your children are going to live to 100 and not have cancer because of technology,” Dimon said in an interview with Bloomberg TV back in 2023. “And literally they’ll probably be working 3 and a half days a week.”
Zoom CEO admits that some jobs will be erased
While workers globally will finally have the opportunity to clock in fewer days per week, not everyone will be enjoying the shortened schedules. Leaders are open to the fact that there will be a massive upheaval in the jobs market, with some roles inevitably automated in the shift. Zoom’s CEO doesn’t shy away from the reality that some humans will be fired—but it’s just another adjustment, just like the industrial revolution and birth of the internet.
“Whenever there’s a technology paradigm shift, some job opportunities are gone, but it will create some new opportunities,” Yuan admitted in the interview. “For some jobs, like entry-level engineers, we can use A.I. to write code. However, you still need to manage that code. You also create a lot of digital agents, and you need someone to manage those agents.”
Other chief executives like Ford CEO Jim Farley and Klarna leader Sebastian Siemiatkowski agree that some roles will be erased in the change—but some, like Huang, think it could actually bolster employment. Instead of humans being replaced by AI, the chip leader claimed that people’s roles will be taken over by others who can actually use the advanced tech.
“Over the course of the last 300 years, 100 years, 60 years, even, in the era of computers, not only did productivity go up, employment also went up,” Huang told CNN this year. “Now the reason for that is if we have an abundance of ideas, ways that we could build a better future, if we were more productive, we could realize that better.”